Final answer:
To calculate the pressure in a compressed gas cylinder, use the ideal gas law equation PV = nRT. For a given gas mixture, the partial pressure of each component can be found by multiplying the total pressure by the percentage of each component. These calculations are used to determine the properties of gases in different scenarios.
Step-by-step explanation:
The pressure in a compressed gas cylinder can be calculated using the ideal gas law equation, PV = nRT, where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles of gas, R is the gas constant, and T is the temperature in Kelvin.
For example, in question 57, a 36.0-L cylinder contains 350 g CO2, 805 g O2, and 4,880 g N₂ at 25 degrees C. To find the pressure in atmospheres, we need to convert the grams of each gas to moles and use the ideal gas law equation.
In question 58, a gas mixture contains 5.0% CO2, 12.0% O₂, and the remainder N₂ at a total pressure of 146 atm. To find the partial pressure of each component, we multiply the total pressure by the percentage of each component.