Final answer:
The resource mobilization theory, rather than the relative deprivation theory, suggests that resources, leadership, and motivation are essential for the formation of social movements. Resources like time and money, effective leadership, and the collective motivation of individuals are critical to mobilizing and sustaining such movements.
Step-by-step explanation:
According to the relative deprivation theory, there are several factors needed for a social movement to form. However, the options provided in the student's question actually relate more closely to resource mobilization theory, proposed by McCarthy and Zald in 1977.
This theory emphasizes the importance of resource acquisition and the organization of individuals to explain the success of social movements. Thus, the three components necessary for a social movement to form, in the context of resource mobilization theory, are:
- Resources - which include time and money, critical for the power and organization of movements.
- Leadership and organization - which allow for effective management of resources and strategic planning.
- Motivation and solidarity - which drive individuals to join and support the movement.
These components align closely with some of the answer options provided, however, it is essential to recognize that ideological and structural elements also play significant roles in the formation and sustainability of social movements.