Final answer:
The greatest risk of blood-borne pathogen transmission via needle stick is from Hollow-bore needles. These needles can retain infected blood and are commonly used in medical settings. Preventative measures and post-exposure protocols are crucial for healthcare workers to minimize risk.
Step-by-step explanation:
The greatest risk of blood-borne pathogen transmission through needle stick exposures, as reported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), occurs when the needle is Hollow-bore. Such needles can retain more blood after their use and can transmit pathogens if they puncture the skin of another person. Hollow-bore needles are commonly used in medical settings for injections, withdrawing blood, and accessing intravenous lines.
Healthcare workers, such as phlebotomists and dentists, and individuals such as drug addicts are at an increased risk of needle stick injuries. To prevent transmission of blood-borne infections like Hepatitis B and HIV, appropriate precautions should be taken, including the use of gloves, face protection, and disposable syringes. Post-exposure protocols, including HBIG and vaccination, are important in the event of potential infection, and surfaces should be disinfected with a 10% bleach solution as advised by the CDC.