Final answer:
According to the biological perspective, there are seven universal emotions recognized by distinct facial expressions, as mentioned in the chapter discussed. Melancholy is not one of the seven, making the correct answer six.
Step-by-step explanation:
The number of universal emotions according to the biological perspective is often considered to be seven. These emotions are identified by distinct universal facial expressions and include happiness, sadness, fear, disgust, anger, surprise, and contempt. The question seems to be referring to the list of emotions that was proposed by psychologist Paul Ekman, which aligns with the idea of universality of emotions across cultures. Therefore, the correct answer to the number of emotions listed in the chapter is six (Option B), as melancholy is not part of the seven universally recognized emotions.