Final answer:
The attack described where a DNS server is overwhelmed by a large number of false requests is a Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack. This type of attack disrupts normal network services by flooding the target system with excessive traffic.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of network attack experienced by the company when the DNS server received an enormous amount of false requests that overwhelmed the server is known as a Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack. In a DDoS attack, multiple compromised computer systems attack a single target, such as a server, website, or other network resource, and cause a denial of service for users of the targeted resource. The flood of incoming messages to the target system essentially forces it to shut down, thereby denying service to the system's legitimate users.