Final answer:
An extended partition supports up to 23 logical drives, providing flexibility in organizing data beyond the limit of four primary partitions.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term that describes a partition capable of supporting up to 23 logical drives is the extended partition. Unlike the primary partition, which is limited to four per disk, and the system partition which contains the operating system's boot files, an extended partition can hold multiple logical drives, often used for organizing data more efficiently. This type of partitioning scheme is most commonly found in the Master Boot Record (MBR) partitioning style, which was standard on many older systems before the advent of the GUID Partition Table (GPT).