Final answer:
A disorder that destroys the myelin sheath in the CNS impairs nerve signal transmission and can result in neurological symptoms such as fatigue, vision problems, and loss of balance, as seen in conditions like multiple sclerosis.
Step-by-step explanation:
A disorder that destroys the myelin sheath of interneurons in the CNS (Central Nervous System) primarily disrupts the normal operation of these axons by impairing signal transmission. This can lead to various neurological symptoms as seen in diseases like multiple sclerosis (MS), where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks the myelin. Symptoms of such demyelination include fatigue, vision problems, weakness of arms and legs, loss of balance, and neuropathy. The oligodendrocytes, which produce myelin in the CNS, can become damaged, and this loss of insulation slows down the electrical impulses that carry information, potentially leading to both motor and sensory deficits. While there are treatments to manage symptoms and modify the course of diseases like MS, there is currently no known cure for this type of autoimmune demyelination.