Final answer:
Cuba was the last Latin American territory to be colonized, as part of the remaining Spanish Empire. Other territories such as Mexico and Peru were among the first to be colonized by Spain, while Brazil was colonized by Portugal. The era of Atlantic exploration was initiated by Portugal, with Spain being the first to establish colonies in the Americas.
Step-by-step explanation:
Which of the territories in Latin America was colonized last? The answer is D. Cuba. Cuba was one of the last territories to remain under colonial rule in Latin America. By the time Cuba achieved independence, other Spanish colonies had already established themselves as sovereign nations. In contrast to Cuba's late independence, other territories such as Mexico and Peru were among the first to be colonized by the Spanish, becoming some of the wealthiest and most populous areas in the New World for 300 years. Brazil was colonized by Portugal on the east coast. European powers like Spain and Portugal were actively involved in the era of Atlantic exploration, with Portugal initiating this era. Moreover, Spain was the country that established the first colonies in the Americas following Columbus's 1492 discovery of the New World. Through the Adams-Onís Treaty, the United States gained Florida from Spain, further reducing Spanish holdings in the Americas. In comparison, Germany established its colonies primarily in Africa and the Pacific, rather than in Latin America. Brazil's path after independence also differed from former Spanish colonies as it was governed by a monarch.