Final answer:
Given the high energy demands and reliance on imports of developing countries, China is the most likely consumer of the extra oil and gas produced by Russia, due to its status as a major economy and significant growth requiring increased energy intake.
Step-by-step explanation:
The student's question is about which country is the most likely consumer of the extra oil and gas produced by Russia. Considering the information provided that indicates the rapid economic growth and energy needs of developing countries, the most likely consumers of additional Russian oil and gas would be countries with booming economies and high energy import dependency. In this context, China and India are the primary candidates. Both have been experiencing significant industrialization and urbanization that demand higher energy consumption. Additionally, information points out that China has already surpassed Japan as the world's second-largest consumer of oil, and much of it is imported. India also faces rising demand for fossil fuels, as noted in the given data stating a substantial portion of its oil needs is met through imports.
Of the listed options, China is likely the primary consumer given its status as a major world economy and its reliance on imported energy to fuel its rapid growth. India is another prominent consumer for similar reasons, though its focus has been shifting towards renewable energy as well. By contrast, the United States and Brazil are less likely to be significant consumers of Russian oil and gas, especially given the U.S.'s production capabilities and Brazil's own hydrocarbon resources.
Therefore, in the context of the information provided and the current energy market dynamics, the most likely answer to the question is A) China.