Final answer:
The neurological condition linked to Zika virus infection is encephalitis or meningitis, and infection during pregnancy can lead to the birth defect microcephaly.
Step-by-step explanation:
A neurological condition that can occur after infections with certain bacteria and viruses, including Zika virus, is termed encephalitis or meningitis. These conditions can affect the nervous system and, in the case of Zika virus, specific concern is raised for pregnant women, as the infection can lead to a serious birth defect in the developing fetus known as microcephaly, where the infant is born with an abnormally small head. Furthermore, Zika virus is an example of an arboviral infection, primarily transmitted by mosquitoes of the Aedes genus, which has emerged as a significant cause of neurological disorders among other symptoms.