Final answer:
The patient's symptoms, lab findings, and family history suggest a diagnosis of Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis (HypoKPP). This condition is managed by potassium supplements during episodes, avoidance of triggers, and sometimes medication. Genetic testing and neurologist consultation are advised for confirmation and management.
Step-by-step explanation:
The symptoms described in the student's question: a 14-year-old becoming extremely weak and unable to stand following strenuous exercise, depressed deep tendon reflexes (DTR's), low blood potassium levels (K=2.8), and alterations in EKG with a familial history, could be indicative of a form of Periodic Paralysis, likely Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis (HypoKPP). This is a rare muscle disorder characterized by episodes of severe muscle weakness, normally subsequent to activities like exercise, which may also provoke associated symptoms such as muscle cramps or stiffness. The diagnosis is further suggested by the lab finding of hypokalemia (low potassium), and the EKG changes, which are consistent with the effects of low potassium on cardiac muscle conductivity.
Treatment and management strategies for HypoKPP typically include potassium supplements during an episode to help alleviate symptoms, and preventative measures such as avoiding triggers like strenuous exercise and carbohydrate-rich meals, which can exacerbate weakness. In some cases, medications like diuretics that aid in retaining potassium in the body can be used. This condition often runs in families, and the history of similar episodes in the patient's father and grandfather reinforces a potential hereditary link.
Considering the clinical context and blood results, a consultation with a neurologist is recommended and may include genetic testing for confirmation of the diagnosis. Proper management of the condition can significantly improve the quality of life for the patient and reduce the frequency and severity of the episodes.