Final answer:
Glucose absorption in the gut lumen depends on several factors, including cotransporter proteins, sodium-linked cotransport, and the sodium-potassium pump in the epithelial cell membranes(option e).
Step-by-step explanation:
Glucose absorption from the gut lumen depends on several factors, including cotransporter proteins in the apical membrane of the epithelial cell, sodium-linked cotransport, and the sodium-potassium pump in the basolateral membrane of the epithelial cell.
When glucose and sodium ions bind simultaneously to symport proteins on the apical surface of the cell, they are transported in the same direction towards the interstitial space. Sodium moves into the cell down its electrochemical gradient and takes glucose with it. The sodium-potassium pump then actively pumps sodium out of the cell on the basal surface, creating a concentration gradient that allows glucose to leave the cell through facilitated diffusion.
The energy needed for this process comes from the Na+/K+ ATPase pump.
Therefore, the correct answer to the question is E) All of the answers are correct.