Final answer:
Large vehicles, such as trucks and buses, have a longer stopping distance due to their greater mass and momentum. The stopping ability of these vehicles depends on factors such as the distance covered before hitting the brakes, the time it takes to stop, and the total stopping distance. Some experimental vehicles use advanced systems, such as storing rotational kinetic energy in a flywheel, to enhance their stopping ability.
Step-by-step explanation:
Large vehicles, such as trucks and buses, have a longer stopping distance compared to smaller vehicles due to their greater mass and momentum. The stopping ability of these large vehicles is determined by factors such as the distance the driver covers before hitting the brakes, how long it takes the vehicle to stop after hitting the brakes, and the total distance the vehicle covers to come to a complete stop.
One important concept to consider is the kinetic energy of the vehicle, which is converted into other forms of energy, such as heat, when the brakes are applied. Trucks and buses may have different braking systems, including hydraulic or air brakes, depending on their design and purpose. The high mass of these vehicles requires more force to bring them to a stop, so they often utilize advanced braking systems to ensure safe stopping distances.
For example, some experimental vehicles, like buses, have been designed to store rotational kinetic energy in a flywheel. This energy can be used to accelerate the bus, go up hills, or offset frictional forces, helping to improve its stopping ability and overall efficiency.