Final answer:
A nurse should closely monitor a patient with an irregular heart rate, document any abnormalities, and report to a physician as needed. The condition could indicate arrhythmia, leading to tachycardia or bradycardia, and treatment depends on the underlying cause.
Step-by-step explanation:
When a nurse detects an irregular heart rate or pulse, it is crucial to assess the situation thoroughly. If there is abnormal electrical activity in the heart, such as a total lack of normal activity or a pattern of increased QRS complex frequency, one could expect variations in the heart rate. The presence of arrhythmia may lead to tachycardia or bradycardia, with heart rates above 100 bpm or below 60 bpm, respectively.
It is important to determine whether the irregularity has clinical significance. This involves considering other symptoms that may accompany the rate changes, such as dizziness, chest pain, or fainting. The standard nursing action would be to monitor the patient closely, document the findings, and notify a physician if necessary. Immediate interventions to normalize heart rhythm may include administrating medications or oxygen, depending on the underlying cause and severity of the symptoms.
Tachycardia in a resting patient may indicate various conditions including extreme stress, fever, or anemia, while rest-induced bradycardia may suggest different pathologies such as thyroid issues or electrolyte imbalances. Depending on the diagnosis, long-term treatment might include the use of medications, a pacemaker, or lifestyle modifications.