Final answer:
Gabriel Fahrenheit developed the thermometer, which uses mercury in the tube and defines the freezing point of water as 32°F and the boiling point as 212°F.
Step-by-step explanation:
Gabriel Fahrenheit developed the thermometer as the answer to the question. The first thermometers were glass and contained alcohol, but Fahrenheit used mercury in the tube instead. The Fahrenheit scale was developed in 1724, with the freezing point of water defined as 32°F and the boiling point as 212°F. The Fahrenheit scale is commonly used in the United States for everyday temperature measurements, while the Celsius scale is more prevalent in many other parts of the world and scientific contexts.