Final answer:
Nicotinic receptors are upregulated in the autonomic ganglia. NMBDs may have adverse effects in patients with upregulated nicotinic receptors.
Step-by-step explanation:
Nicotinic nicotinic receptors are upregulated in the autonomic ganglia of the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems. These receptors are activated by acetylcholine released from the preganglionic fibers. When nicotine binds to these receptors, it activates ganglionic neurons, causing depolarization. If patients with upregulated nicotinic receptors are given neuromuscular blocking drugs (NMBDs), it may result in adverse effects such as arrhythmia and an increase in systemic blood pressure.