Final answer:
Beta blockers work by blocking beta receptors associated with vasoconstriction and cardioacceleration, allowing blood vessels to dilate and preventing the heart rate from increasing. Different types of beta blockers may have varying selectivity for different beta receptors.
Step-by-step explanation:
The mechanism of action of beta blockers involves blocking the beta receptors associated with vasoconstriction and cardioacceleration. By blocking these receptors, beta blockers can allow blood vessels to dilate and prevent the heart rate from increasing. This can improve cardiac function in individuals with cardiovascular disease, congestive heart failure, or a history of heart attack.
For example, metoprolol specifically blocks the B1-receptor, while propanolol nonspecifically blocks beta receptors. The blocking of these receptors can slow down the heart rate, lower blood pressure, and reduce the workload on the heart.
It is important to note that there are different types of beta blockers with varying selectivity for different beta receptors. Some beta blockers may have a greater affinity for B1-receptors, while others may have a broader effect on multiple beta receptors. It is best to consult with a healthcare professional for further information about specific beta blockers and their mechanism of action.