Final Answer:
The type of drug that loosens mucus in the respiratory system is called an expectorant. Expectorants work by promoting the expulsion of mucus from the airways, making it easier for individuals to clear their air passages through coughing.
Step-by-step explanation:
An expectorant is a pharmacological agent commonly used to address respiratory conditions characterized by the excessive production of thick, tenacious mucus. This drug class is particularly beneficial for individuals dealing with conditions such as bronchitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), or common colds, where the airways become congested with mucus. Expectorants function by thinning and liquefying the mucus, thereby facilitating its removal from the respiratory system.
One commonly used expectorant is guaifenesin, which is found in various over-the-counter cough and cold medications. Guaifenesin works by increasing the volume and reducing the viscosity of respiratory tract secretions, making it easier for individuals to cough up and eliminate excess mucus. It achieves this by enhancing the hydration of mucus, breaking down its structure, and promoting a more effective cough reflex.
In summary, expectorants play a crucial role in respiratory care by aiding in the removal of mucus from the airways, ultimately improving breathing and alleviating symptoms associated with respiratory congestion.
Complete Question:
What is the type of drug that loosens mucus in the respiratory system, and how does it achieve this effect?