Final answer:
Salicylates should be avoided in the management of thyroid storm because they increase circulating free thyroid hormone levels by displacing them from binding proteins, potentially worsening the condition. Goiter, often due to iodine deficiency, leads to hypothyroidism and is associated with symptoms like weight gain and cold sensitivity.
Step-by-step explanation:
Salicylates and Thyroid Storm Management
Salicylates should be avoided in the management of thyroid storm because of their effect on thyroid hormone clearance. Salicylates can displace thyroid hormones from their binding proteins, leading to an increased amount of free thyroid hormones in the bloodstream. This exacerbates the already high levels of circulating thyroid hormones in a thyroid storm, potentially making the condition worse.
In contrast, goiter, which is typically caused by iodine deficiency, results in the thyroid gland's inability to form T3 and T4 hormones. The body responds by producing more TSH (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone), which leads to the accumulation of colloid in the thyroid follicles and enlargement of the thyroid gland. Symptoms associated with goiter include hypothyroidism, characterized by weight gain, cold sensitivity, and reduced mental activity due to the lack of thyroid hormones. Iodine deficiency is a primary cause of preventable intellectual disabilities, as well as impaired growth, decreased fertility, and prenatal and infant deaths.