Final answer:
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are perioperative medications that can increase the risk of serotonin syndrome by blocking the reuptake of serotonin, leading to increased levels in the synaptic cleft.
Step-by-step explanation:
Perioperative medications that can increase the risk of serotonin syndrome include Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). SSRIs block the reuptake of serotonin into the presynaptic neuron, resulting in an increase in serotonin in the synaptic cleft, which can lead to serotonin syndrome if levels become too high. Opioids and non-depolarizing neuromuscular blockers do not directly influence serotonin levels, though opioids may have a more indirect influence that warrants caution. Therefore, the correct answer to which perioperative medications can increase the risk of serotonin syndrome is b) Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs).