Final answer:
Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is the most effective treatment for long-term insomnia in patients with dementia over 65 years of age, rather than pharmacological interventions.
Step-by-step explanation:
For long-term insomnia in patients with dementia over 65 years of age, the pharmacological treatment should involve caution and careful consideration due to the potential side effects and risks associated with sleep medications. Prescription sleep medications can have nontrivial side effects and may result in dependence, which can worsen insomnia over time. Instead, cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) has been shown to be the most effective treatment for insomnia, addressing cognitive processes and problematic behaviors related to sleep. CBT focuses on stress management techniques, changes in bedtime routines, and other strategies to improve sleep quality. It is important for patients with insomnia and dementia to consult a healthcare professional for personalized treatment recommendations.