Final answer:
HIV is transmitted through direct contact of body fluids. Precautions such as wearing gloves and using disposable syringes can help prevent transmission. A gown may be needed if there is a risk of splashing body fluids.
Step-by-step explanation:
HIV is transmitted through direct contact of mucous membranes or body fluids such as blood, semen, or breast milk. It can be spread through sexual contact, sharing contaminated needles, and from an infected mother to her baby during childbirth or breastfeeding. Contact with saliva, urine, or sweat does not transmit the virus. Standard precautions, such as wearing gloves and using disposable syringes, can help prevent transmission. However, if there is a risk of splashing body fluids, wearing a gown may be necessary.