Final Answer:
According to realistic conflict theory, prejudice and discrimination are primarily caused by B. Economic competition and resource scarcity.(Option B)
Step-by-step explanation:
Realistic conflict theory posits that prejudice and discrimination arise when there is economic competition and perceived scarcity of resources among different groups. Option B, "Economic competition and resource scarcity," aligns with the core tenets of this theory. When groups believe that their access to essential resources, such as jobs or housing, is threatened by another group, it can lead to negative attitudes, stereotypes, and discriminatory behaviors.
The theory suggests that intergroup conflicts emerge as a result of competition for limited resources, fostering a sense of threat and hostility between groups. This competition can contribute to the development of negative attitudes and behaviors as individuals seek to protect their perceived interests. While shared cultural values (Option A), genetic predisposition (Option C), and lack of exposure to diverse cultures (Option D) may influence intergroup relations, realistic conflict theory specifically highlights economic factors as the primary driver of prejudice and discrimination.
Understanding the economic underpinnings of intergroup conflict is crucial for devising strategies to mitigate prejudice and discrimination. By addressing economic inequalities and promoting equitable resource distribution, societies can work towards reducing intergroup tensions and fostering greater social harmony.(Option B)