Final answer:
The book 'Criminal Investigations' is a milestone in criminology that underscored the role of scientific methods in investigations, an approach that has shaped the evolution of sociological and anthropological research.
Step-by-step explanation:
The pioneer who authored the classic book titled Criminal Investigations, which emphasized the significance of scientific methods in criminal investigations, played a pivotal role in the advancement of criminology. The incorporation of tools like intelligence tests marked the introduction of new scientific tools in the early 20th century, proving to be revolutionary for establishing criminal cases. Such scientific approaches have been critiqued and evolved over time, shaping sociological and anthropological research to ensure the best scientific outcomes through the collection of rigorous data using well-planned methods.
Key historical milestones in the application of the scientific method in sociology include F. Stuart Chapin's 'Elements of Scientific Method in Sociology,' which was a prelude to modern sociological practices. Additionally, W.E.B. Du Bois' scientific approach towards empirical evidence challenged pseudoscientific ideas and had a profound impact on sociological studies, influencing contemporary research practices.