Final answer:
Carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning is caused by inhaling excessive levels of CO, a colorless and odorless gas from incomplete combustion. Symptoms resemble the flu, and severe cases can lead to death. Immediate removal from exposure and treatment with oxygen are crucial.
Step-by-step explanation:
Rapid Review: Carbon Monoxide (CO) Poisoning
Carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning occurs when a person breathes in excessive levels of CO gas. This colorless, odorless gas is produced from the incomplete combustion of organic matter such as fossil fuels. The symptoms of CO poisoning are often described as flu-like and include headaches, dizziness, and nausea. Severe exposure can lead to loss of consciousness or even death. CO poisoning primarily affects the body by binding with hemoglobin in the blood, forming carboxyhemoglobin, which prevents the transport of oxygen to the body's organs and tissues. Immediate treatment involves removing the individual from the CO environment and administering oxygen to accelerate the dissociation of CO from hemoglobin. In indoor environments, sources of CO include household appliances and vehicles. CO has a greater affinity for hemoglobin than oxygen, which interferes with oxygen delivery and poses significant health risks, including chronic fatigue and memory problems following long-term exposure. For treatment, administering 100 percent oxygen can speed up the separation of carbon monoxide from hemoglobin, making poisoning recovery faster.