Final answer:
In design, 'emphasis' is the term used to describe the focal point that first draws the viewer's eye. It can be achieved through color contrast, location, or other art principles and establishes a hierarchy of visual importance in an artwork.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term you are looking for is 'emphasis,' which is also known as focus in design. Emphasis is what draws the eye first before it travels to the rest of the design. It can be achieved through various methods such as contrast in color, location, or through the use of other principles or elements of art. For example, artists might create a focal point by placing a string of gold in a field of dark purple, where the contrast between the gold and dark purple causes the gold lettering to stand out significantly.
Aside from color, emphasis can also be obtained by isolating an area or specific subject matter, through variations in color, value, and texture. Areas of main emphasis are usually accompanied by areas of lesser importance, or subordination, creating a hierarchy within the artwork that sustains interest at different levels.
Once a focal point is established through emphasis, other elements like pattern and rhythm can work in conjunction to bring unity and movement to the piece, supporting the focal area and guiding the viewer's attention throughout the artwork.