Final answer:
The number of atoms in a formula unit can be found by calculating the formula mass of the compound and using Avogadro's number to convert moles to atoms. For example, Ca(HCO₃)₂ has 1.2044 x 10^24 atoms in each formula unit.
Step-by-step explanation:
In order to determine the number of atoms present in a formula unit, we need to calculate the formula mass of the compound and then use Avogadro's number to convert moles to atoms.
a) Ca(HCO₃)₂: The formula mass is calculated by adding up the atomic masses of each element in the compound: Ca = 40 g/mol, H = 1 g/mol, C = 12 g/mol, and O = 16 g/mol. The total formula mass is 40 + 2(1 + 12 + 3(16)) = 162 g/mol. One mole of this compound contains 6.022 x 10^23 formula units, which means there are 6.022 x 10^23 x 2 = 1.2044 x 10^24 atoms in each formula unit.
b) C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁: The formula mass is calculated by adding up the atomic masses of each element in the compound: C = 12 g/mol, H = 1 g/mol, and O = 16 g/mol. The total formula mass is 12(12) + 22 + 11(16) = 342 g/mol. One mole of this compound contains 6.022 x 10^23 formula units, which means there are 6.022 x 10^23 atoms in each formula unit.
c) Fe(ClO₃)₂: The formula mass is calculated by adding up the atomic masses of each element in the compound: Fe = 56 g/mol, Cl = 35.5 g/mol, and O = 16 g/mol. The total formula mass is 56 + 2(35.5 + 3(16)) = 238 g/mol. One mole of this compound contains 6.022 x 10^23 formula units, which means there are 6.022 x 10^23 atoms in each formula unit.
d) Fe(ClO₃)₂: This compound is the same as part c). It has the same formula mass and the same number of atoms in each formula unit.