Final answer:
Gallstones can cause obstruction in the bile duct, blocking the flow of bile into the intestines, and causing symptoms like pain and jaundice.
Step-by-step explanation:
Gallstones are solid particles that form when there is an accumulation of cholesterol in the gallbladder. When small gallstones pass through the bile duct into the small intestine, they are excreted. However, large gallstones can get stuck in the bile duct and block the flow of bile into the intestines.
This blockage can be caused by factors like carcinoma or gallstone obstruction, and it leads to symptoms such as pain and jaundice. Jaundice occurs when bilirubin, a bile pigment, backs up into the liver and is passed via the blood, causing a yellow coloration of the skin and whiteness of the eyes.