Final answer:
Antithyroid drugs like propylthiouracil and methimazole can have teratogenic effects when taken during pregnancy, leading to congenital malformations. It is recommended to use the lowest effective dose for the shortest duration possible.
Step-by-step explanation:
Antithyroid drugs such as propylthiouracil and methimazole can have teratogenic effects when taken during pregnancy. These drugs work by inhibiting the production of thyroid hormones, which are essential for normal fetal development. The teratogenic effects can include congenital malformations, such as choanal atresia, aplasia cutis, and esophageal atresia.
The recommendation for taking antithyroid drugs during pregnancy is to use the lowest effective dose for the shortest duration possible. This is because prolonged exposure to these drugs increases the risk of teratogenic effects. Women who are planning to become pregnant or are pregnant should consult with their healthcare provider to discuss the potential risks and benefits of taking antithyroid drugs.