Final answer:
The presence of bloody stool with cysts and trophozoites suggests a parasitic infection such as amoebiasis, typically diagnosed with a stool O&P exam and possibly immunoassays or imaging, and treated with ant parasitic medications.
Step-by-step explanation:
Bloody stool containing cysts and trophozoites is indicative of a parasitic infection. The microscopic analysis of stool samples during a stool ova and parasite (O&P exam) is essential in diagnosing conditions caused by parasites such as Entamoeba histolytica in amoebiasis, which can lead to severe amoebic dysentery. The diagnosis of these infections may also involve immunoassays, serology, biopsy, molecular testing, and sometimes imaging techniques like CT and MRI to detect cysts. Treatments commonly include ant parasitic medications such as metronidazole or tinidazole, followed by other agents to eliminate remaining cysts.