Final answer:
Prosthetic joint replacement and dental procedures for certain patients require antibiotic prophylaxis for 'dirty procedures' to prevent infection.
Step-by-step explanation:
Two diagnoses that require antibiotic prophylaxis for 'dirty procedures' are prosthetic joint replacement and dental procedures for patients with specific conditions.
For prosthetic joint replacement, antibiotic prophylaxis is recommended before any procedure that may cause bacteremia, such as dental procedures involving manipulation of the gingival tissues or periapical region of teeth. This is to prevent the development of prosthetic joint infection which can be caused by bacteria entering the bloodstream during the procedure.
Similarly, for dental procedures, antibiotic prophylaxis is recommended for a subset of patients with specific conditions, such as artificial heart valves, a history of infective endocarditis, or certain congenital heart conditions, to prevent bacterial infections that can occur as a result of bacteremia during dental procedures.