Final answer:
The correct medical term for the surgical removal of the lymphoid tissue on either side of the throat is 'tonsillectomy.' It is often performed to treat recurrent tonsillitis in children, particularly when the palatine tonsils cause breathing or swallowing difficulties.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct spelling for the medical term that refers to the surgical removal of the mass of lymphoid tissue on either side of the throat at the back of the tongue is tonsillectomy. This procedure is often performed in children who experience recurrent tonsillitis, which is the inflammation of the tonsils. The palatine tonsils, located at the back of the mouth, can swell and interfere with breathing and swallowing when infected, which justifies their removal to prevent further health complications and improve the patient's quality of life. Tonsillectomy is the surgical procedure in which the tonsils are removed to treat recurring throat infections or other conditions affecting the tonsils. This procedure helps alleviate symptoms and improve breathing and swallowing.