Final answer:
Common CO₂ absorbents include calcium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, and barium hydroxide, with lithium hydroxide being particularly noted for its use in enclosed environments.
Step-by-step explanation:
Common components of CO₂ absorbents include a variety of compounds that can react with carbon dioxide to form stable products. These compounds typically include strong bases capable of undergoing a chemical reaction to absorb CO₂. The common components that can be used in CO₂ absorbents are:
Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂)Potassium hydroxide (KOH)Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)Lithium hydroxide (LiOH)Sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃)Barium hydroxide (Ba(OH)₂)
Among these, lithium hydroxide is particularly noted for its use in absorbing CO₂ in enclosed environments, such as in manned spacecraft and submarines. An example of the reaction includes lithium hydroxide reacting with carbon dioxide to form lithium carbonate and water, represented as 2 LiOH(s) + CO₂(g) → Li₂CO₃(s) + H₂O(l).