Final answer:
In PCIe architecture, the term for a single, full-duplex, point-to-point serial communication path with two pairs of wires is known as a lane. Lanes allow for simultaneous data transmission and reception and can be scaled to increase bandwidth.
Step-by-step explanation:
In PCIe architecture, a single, full-duplex, point-to-point serial communication path consisting of two pairs of wires (where one pair is used to transmit data and the other pair is used to receive data) is called a lane. Each lane is capable of sending and receiving data simultaneously, providing a high-speed connection between the motherboard and the connected hardware components, such as graphics cards and solid-state drives. This design allows for scalable performance because more lanes can be added to increase bandwidth.