Question

- no pattern due to rapid discharge from many irritable ventricular foci - 350-450 bpm

- no efficient mechanical pumping and no effective cardiac output - emergency, requires immediate defibrillation - no P and no QRS

Answer 1

Ventricular fibrillation can cause a rapid heart rate, up to 350-450 bpm, but it may not result in an effective cardiac output or measurable heart rate. Immediate defibrillation is necessary to restore normal electrical activity.

Step-by-step explanation:

Ventricular Fibrillation and Heart Rate

Ventricular fibrillation is a serious condition in which the heart beats in a wild, uncontrolled manner, preventing it from pumping blood effectively. In this condition, the heart rate can become rapid, ranging from 350-450 beats per minute. However, due to the inefficient mechanical pumping and the absence of effective cardiac output, there may be no pulse or measurable heart rate. Immediate defibrillation is required to restore normal electrical activity and bring the heart rate back to a normal sinus rhythm.