Final answer:
A lamina is a portion of the vertebral arch on each vertebra that extends between the transverse and spinous process. It forms part of the posterior roof of the vertebral arch. A laminectomy is a surgical procedure in which a portion of the lamina is removed to relieve pressure on the spinal cord or nerves.
Step-by-step explanation:
A lamina is a portion of the vertebral arch on each vertebra that extends between the transverse and spinous process. It forms part of the posterior roof of the vertebral arch. The vertebral arch, composed of the pedicles and laminae, surrounds and protects the spinal cord. The laminae are important structures in the vertebral column and contribute to its overall strength and stability.
A laminectomy is a surgical procedure in which a portion of the lamina is removed to relieve pressure on the spinal cord or nerves. It is often performed to treat conditions such as spinal stenosis or herniated discs that cause compression of the spinal nerves. By removing the lamina, the surgeon creates more space for the nerves and relieves symptoms such as pain, numbness, or weakness.