Final answer:
Signs and symptoms for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) mirror those of prostate cancer, involving urinary issues that arise due to prostate involvement. Diagnosis and treatment for these conditions differ, with prostate cancer requiring a combination of tests like PSA levels and biopsies, and treatments ranging from active surveillance to surgery and chemotherapy.
Step-by-step explanation:
The signs and symptoms for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) are the same as those for prostate cancer. Both conditions affect the prostate gland and can present with symptoms such as frequent urination, difficulty initiating urine flow, a weak stream, sensation of incomplete bladder emptying, and in some cases, blood in the urine or painful urination. Despite the similarity in symptoms, there is no direct link between BPH and prostate cancer; however, prostate cancer is detected through medical history, a blood test for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, a rectal exam, and if necessary, confirmed by a biopsy of the prostate tissue. Treatments vary depending on the condition and severity, with BPH often managed by medication or surgery and prostate cancer treated by surveillance, surgery, chemotherapy, and/or radiation therapy depending on the patient's age and tumor aggressiveness.