Final answer:
In the juvenile justice system, the counterpart to an adult's indictment or charges filing is the Intake decision, which determines if a case will proceed formally.
Step-by-step explanation:
The juvenile system's counterpart to filing charges or a grand jury indictment in the adult system is the Intake decision. This initial stage in the juvenile justice process involves a determination by juvenile court intake officers or prosecutors as to whether a case should be dismissed, handled informally, or filed formally in juvenile court. The intake decision is crucial as it essentially decides if the juvenile system will formally process the alleged offense.