Final answer:
The lower limb is organized from proximal to distal into the thigh (femur), leg (tibia and fibula), and foot (tarsals, metatarsals, phalanges), with the patella articulating with the femur at the knee.
Step-by-step explanation:
Segments and Bones of the Lower Limb
From the proximal to the distal segment, the bones of the lower limb are organized into three main regions: thigh, leg, and foot. The femur is the single bone of the thigh, the largest bone in the human body, connecting the hip to the knee. The patella, or kneecap, articulates with the femur's distal end. Below the knee, the leg contains two bones: the tibia, which is the larger, weight-bearing bone on the medial side, and the fibula, the slimmer bone on the lateral side. The foot includes several bones grouped into the tarsals, metatarsals, and phalanges. The tarsal bones are further divided into the proximal group (talus and calcaneus), the intermediate group (navicular), and the distal group (cuboid and three cuneiform bones). The metatarsal bones form the mid-foot, and the phalanges are the toe bones.