Final answer:
b) Encephalitis
Encephalitis is the inflammation of the brain usually caused by viral infections transmitted by mosquito bites, and can cause severe complications due to swelling within the skull.
Step-by-step explanation:
Inflammation of the brain, most frequently caused by a virus transmitted by the bite of an infected mosquito, is known as encephalitis. Encephalitis is a serious condition where the immune system's response to a brain infection can cause swelling within the confined space of the skull, leading to potential brain injury or even death. While medicines can help fight some viral infections of the brain, not all are treatable, making prevention and early detection crucial.