Final answer:
Call-and-response music creates polyphony, as it involves multiple voices or melodies played simultaneously, often with variations and improvisation. The correct answer is option (C)
Step-by-step explanation:
Antiphonal, or call-and-response music, is characterized by a successive, alternating pattern of musical phrases where one phrase (the 'call') is followed by a corresponding phrase (the 'response'). This technique is common in many musical traditions and creates a form of polyphony, which involves multiple independent voices or melodies happening simultaneously.
During performances that incorporate call-and-response, such as gumboot dancing and Steppin', improvisation often plays a significant role, where the response may vary from the call. Additionally, polyrhythms and syncopations are regularly featured, adding to the complexity and polyphonic texture of the music. In the progression from the Middle Ages to the Renaissance era, polyphony became more complex, with independent voices and a wider vocal range contributing to the style's evolution.
Therefore the correct answer for the question is option (C)