Final answer:
Filgrastim (Neupogen) is administered to a patient post-bowel resection to increase white blood cell counts.
Step-by-step explanation:
The purpose of administering filgrastim (Neupogen) to a patient who is post-bowel resection resulting from cancer is to increase the white blood cell (WBC) counts. Filgrastim is a colony-stimulating factor (CSF) that stimulates the production of white blood cells, specifically neutrophils, a type of granulocyte. By increasing the WBC counts, filgrastim helps in preventing infections and promoting healing after surgery.