Final answer:
Doctors can analyze cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) obtained from lumbar puncture to diagnose neurological diseases and determine if an infection is causing symptoms. Abnormal levels of cell count, protein, and glucose in the CSF can indicate bacterial meningitis. Lumbar puncture is performed in the lower lumbar area due to the safety of the CNS anatomy in that region.
Step-by-step explanation:
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis
After a lumbar puncture and oil-based myelogram, doctors can analyze the CSF for the presence of pathogens such as bacteria to determine if an infection is causing neurological symptoms. CSF can be obtained by lumbar puncture, which involves inserting a needle into the lower part of the spinal canal. The CSF samples taken are analyzed in the hospital's lab, including the microbiology department, which can identify the presence of microorganisms causing an infection.
By examining the CSF, doctors can diagnose various neurological diseases such as subarachnoid hemorrhage and meningitis. Abnormal levels of cell count, protein, and glucose in the CSF can be indicative of bacterial meningitis. Lumbar puncture is performed in the lower lumbar area because of the relative safety of the anatomy of the CNS in that location.