Final answer:
The subject in question deals with the legal basis for disciplinary actions such as revocation, suspension, or probation of professional licenses, denial of applications, and monetary penalties, ensuring actions do not violate contractual obligations or constitutional rights.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question pertains to the scenarios and legal grounds upon which a professional license may be revoked, placed on probation, or suspended, as well as the potential for denial of application, renewal, or reinstatement of the license, or the imposition of monetary penalties.
License revocation, suspension and probation can occur for various reasons, such as violation of professional codes of conduct, criminal behavior, or incompetence. Denial of application or renewal might happen if the applicant does not meet necessary qualifications or has past infractions that deem them unfit for the license. Monetary penalties are often imposed when there is a violation of regulations but the infraction does not warrant a full revocation or suspension.
These actions are usually guided by legal frameworks to ensure they do not impair obligation of contracts, abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens, or deny due process and equal protection of the laws. Importantly, any restrictions or legal measures taken must not exceed their intended scope, exemplified by the principle that states "No additional restrictions - You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits." Moreover, regulatory bodies must ensure that sanctions like monetary penalties are not excessive.
The prohibition of transporting intoxicating liquors in violation of local laws and the provision against excessive bail, fines, and cruel and unusual punishment are examples of specific legal statutes that can impact licensing.