Final answer:
Among the options listed, phenytoin (Dilantin) falls into the category of drugs that can cause gingival hyperplasia, making it necessary for patients to practice good oral hygiene to minimize this side effect.
Step-by-step explanation:
A client who is receiving cyclosporine (Sandimmune) must practice good oral hygiene, including regular brushing and flossing of the teeth, to minimize gingival hyperplasia. Among the drugs listed, phenytoin (Dilantin) is known to cause gingival hyperplasia as a side effect during long-term therapy, similarly to cyclosporine. Phenytoin is used primarily in the treatment of epilepsy. It is important for patients on these medications to maintain excellent oral care to prevent or limit this gum overgrowth.
The complete question is:
A client who is receiving cyclosporine (Sandimmune) must practice good oral hygiene, including regular brushing and flossing of the teeth, to minimize gingival hyperplasia. Good oral hygiene also is essential to minimize gingival hyperplasia during long-term therapy with certain drugs. Which drug falls into this category?
1. procainamide (Pronestyl)
2. azathioprine (Imuran)
3. phenytoin (Dilantin)
4. allopurinol (Zyloprim)