Final answer:
The part of the system that reads the transponder in the vehicle is called a transponder reader. It uses radiofrequency identification (RFID) technology to communicate with the transponder and enables automated toll payment without the need for the driver to stop.
Step-by-step explanation:
When a driver passes through a toll, the part of the system that reads the transponder in the vehicle is called a transponder reader. It is usually located near the toll booth or bridge and uses radiofrequency identification (RFID) technology to communicate with the transponder. The transponder reader sends a signal to the transponder, which then sends back the necessary information, such as the unique identification number of the vehicle, to complete the toll payment process.
For example, in the E-ZPass system used in the Midwest and Northeast, the toll booth is equipped with a transponder reader that can detect the E-ZPass transponder in a vehicle. When a vehicle with an E-ZPass transponder approaches the toll booth, the reader sends a signal to the transponder. The transponder responds by transmitting the unique identification number associated with the driver's E-ZPass account, which allows for automated toll payment without the need for the driver to stop.
In summary, the transponder reader is the part of the toll collection system that reads the transponder in the vehicle, enabling automated toll payment without the need for the driver to stop at toll booths or bridges.