Final answer:
A diploid cell with 2n = 8 chromosomes undergoing two mitoses without cytokinesis would result in a single cell containing 32 chromosomes.
Step-by-step explanation:
If a diploid cell with a chromosome number of 2n = 8 undergoes two consecutive mitoses without cytokinesis, it results in a cell with 32 chromosomes. In the first mitotic division, the cell duplicates its chromosomes and divides them equally between two nuclei within the same cell, thus we still have a polyploid cell with still 2n = 8 chromosomes but with twice the number of chromatids.
After the second round of mitosis, the chromosomes would again be equally parceled out into four nuclei, without changing their number, leading to a single cell containing four nuclei, each with 2n = 8 chromosomes, or 32 chromosomes in total. In each mitosis, the number of chromosomes stays the same. Therefore, the final number of chromosomes in the cell would still be 8.