Final answer:
From 1798 to 1898, the U.S. saw territorial expansion following the Louisiana Purchase, the growth of industry through the Industrial Revolution, a shift from agrarianism to an industrial economy, the Civil War and the end of slavery, and advancements in art and democracy.
Step-by-step explanation:
From 1798 to 1898, the US underwent dramatic transformations, expanding its territory, innovating its industries, and evolving its social and political landscapes.
In the 19th century, the United States experienced profound changes. The monumental Louisiana Purchase in 1803 doubled the country's size and catalyzed westward expansion. This movement spurred significant shifts as populations migrated from Eastern states to the frontier, often at the expense of Native American tribes who were forcibly relocated to reservations. The era was marked by the Industrial Revolution, with developments such as large-scale agriculture, the establishment of transcontinental railroads, and the discovery of vast mineral wealth. Manufacturing and mechanization modernized the economy, although at the cost of exploited labor. The Civil War (1861-1865) further shaped the nation, leading to the abolition of slavery and reconstruction of the Southern states. During this dynamic century, the US government expanded, new states were admitted into the Union, gold rushes occurred, national parks were established, and American art and culture saw significant growth. Collectively, these factors transformed the US from an agrarian society to a burgeoning industrial power with a more democratic political system.