Question

Which of the following were the names of TWO major fronts of combat operations in Europe during the Great War?

A. The Pacific
B. Southern Front
C. Eastern Front
D. Northern Front
E. Western Front

Answer 1

The Eastern Front[j] was a theatre of World War II fought between the European Axis powers and Allies, including the Soviet Union (USSR) and Poland. It encompassed Central Europe, Eastern Europe, Northeast Europe (Baltics), and Southeast Europe (Balkans), and lasted from 22 June 1941 to 9 May 1945. Of the estimated 70–85 million deaths attributed to World War II, around 30 million occurred on the Eastern Front, including 9 million children.[1][2] The Eastern Front was decisive in determining the outcome in the European theatre of operations in World War II, eventually serving as the main reason for the defeat of Nazi Germany and the Axis nations.[3]

Eastern Front

Part of the European theatre of World War II

Clockwise from top left: Soviet T-34 tanks storming Berlin; German Tiger I tanks during the Battle of Kursk; German Stuka dive bombers on the Eastern Front, December 1943; Ivanhorod Einsatzgruppen photograph of German death squads murdering Jews in Ukraine; Wilhelm Keitel signing the German Instrument of Surrender; Soviet troops in the Battle of Stalingrad

Date 22 June 1941 – 8 May 1945

(3 years, 10 months, 2 weeks and 2 days)

Location

Europe, east of Germany: Central and Eastern Europe, in later stages: Germany and Austria

Result

Soviet victory[i]

Fall of Nazi Germany (concurrently with the Western Front)

Beginning of the Cold War and creation of the Eastern Bloc and the Iron Curtain

Beginning of anti-communist insurgencies

Territorial

changes

Soviet occupation of

Central and Eastern Europe

Allied occupation of Germany, Austria and Partition of Germany

Polish puppet state and change of borders

Soviet occupation of Romania

Soviet occupation of Hungary

Bulgarian communist coup and Soviet occupation

Soviet re-occupation of the Baltics

Czechoslovakia cedes Carpathian Ruthenia

East Prussia split between the Soviet Union (Kaliningrad Oblast) and Poland (Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship)

Belligerents

Axis:

Germany

Romania (until 1944)

Finland (until 1944)

Hungary[a]

Italy (until 1943)

Slovakia[b]

Croatia[c]

Allies:

Soviet Union

Poland[d]

Czechoslovakia[e]

Former Axis powers:

Romania (from 1944)

Bulgaria (from 1944)

Finland (from 1944)

Support:

United States[f]

British Empire[g]

Free France[h]

Answer 2

The two major fronts of combat in Europe during the Great War were the Eastern Front and the Western Front, which saw different styles of warfare with the Western Front being known for trench warfare and the Eastern Front featuring more mobile engagements.

Step-by-step explanation:

The names of two major fronts of combat operations in Europe during the Great War were the Eastern Front and the Western Front.

The Western Front was characterized by trench warfare and extended from the English Channel in the north to the Swiss Alps in the south. Battles here involved a static warfare with fortified trenches and was the scene of some of the most prolonged and brutal fighting of the war. In contrast, the Eastern Front saw more movement with German and Austrian forces battling the Russians. The Eastern Front stretched across Poland, Galicia, and into Russia, witnessing both massive Russian offensives and also significant German maneuvers and victories.

Understanding the dynamics of these fronts is crucial to comprehending the strategic and tactical military efforts undertaken by both sides during World War I, particularly the Central Powers' expectations of a two-front war and the trench warfare that came to define the conflict in the west.