Final answer:
The correct answers are options a, d and e. The redox processes are NO₂ → NO₃, SO₃ → SO₄²⁻, and VO₃ → VO₂.
Step-by-step explanation:
The redox processes are:
- a. NO₂ → NO₃ - In this reaction, the nitrogen in NO₂ is oxidized from an oxidation state of +4 to +5, while the oxygen in NO₂ is reduced from an oxidation state of -2 to -1.
- d. SO₃ → SO₄²⁻ - In this reaction, the sulfur in SO₃ is oxidized from an oxidation state of +6 to +6, while the oxygen in SO₃ is reduced from an oxidation state of -2 to -2.
- e. VO₃ → VO₂ - In this reaction, the vanadium in VO₃ is reduced from an oxidation state of +5 to +4, while the oxygen in VO₃ is oxidized from an oxidation state of -2 to -2.